Terms on Pamor

1. Pamor mrambut, term assessment is Pamor impression through palpation. If be touched with the fingertips, such as touching the hair and on the surface of the keris strand of hair, such as the order, or as a fine fiber.

2. Pamor ngawat, assessed based on palpation, but not on sPamor mrambutfine , but as a soft wire.

3. Pamor nggajih, assessed based on the visual, namely Pamor that look like fat frozen patch on the surface of the keris.

4. Pamor mbugisan, assessed based on palpation and visual effects. Be touched feel fine, while the color gradation between the iron and Pamor that a black and white does not contrast.

5. Pamor nyanak, also called peson. Pamor flow pattern is not clear, but the feeling it feels a bit rough.

6. Pamor foundered, the appearance is quite clear and the contrast. But that is only seen a small part of the overall Pamor. Pamor seems most of the 'drowned' in the keris.

7. Pamor kemambang, Pamor is opposite from the clamp. Pamor seems that the keris is embedded in only a few only. If touched, this gives the impression Pamor melted and smooth.

8. Pamor ngintip, which is Pamor rough when touched. Even in some parts of the sometimes feels sharp. Pamor this occurred because the two. First as generous or extravagant master of the material Pamor to excess. The second, because the master Pamor using high quality materials, but the iron that is used less good quality.

9. Pamor mubyar, looks bright, bright, and contrasts with the color of iron. Although the color contra, but melted and smooth when touched.

Power and omen

Image or pattern on Pamor, is the master omen expectations, as well as owner of the keris expectations, almost the same tattoo with the image on the keris. Or maybe the same pattern with the image patkwa by the descendants of Chinese society of the dangers of luck as repellent.

In Javanese culture, a particular form of omen to bring a particular purpose and hope.

The form of sphere, circle, curve, or a pattern that gives the impression melted, thick, not stiff, the mundane or worldly prosperity, wealth, fortune, fortune, rank, and such.

Retire to a corner pattern, form, terms of fracture, such as triangle, rectangle, and similar to it, is regarded as the symbol of hope or power of endurance talisman against temptation, disruption, attack, both physically and non-physical. If the pattern is in the form of Pamor, symbolizing the hope for the potency and strength.

Form a straight line lengthwise or crosswise, or diagonal, as a symbol of hope is the ability to avert or overcome all things that are not expected. Pamor such functions are expected to decline danger, magic and prevent interference being fine, avoid the danger of storms, avoid interference from wild animals and poisonous.

Therefore, a true master can also be spelled out artists who understand the language omen, and use the picture as a medium of communication Pamor.

Type of the Pamor

View from the techniques of making, there are two types of Pamor, namely Pamor mlumah and Pamor miring. Compared with Pamor miring, Pamor mlumah making it easier, and less risk of failure. That is the value of dowry (the price) keris Pamor mlumah cheaper than the keris Pamor miring.

View from the occurrence of Pamor, Pamor types are divided into two large, namely Pamor Tiban or jwalana, and rekan or Pamor anukarta. Pamor Tiban is Pamor motifs or patterns that are not planned by master craftsman. Pamor rekan while the pattern is first planned by master craftsman.

Material of the Pamor

In addition to the understanding of the pattern to its description, Pamor also intended to refer to the understanding of the Pamor material.

There are four types of materials Pamor frequently used in the making of keris, and other tosan aji. From the four, three of which are natural, while the fourth Pamor material is nickel metal that has been pured by the manufacturer.

The oldest pamor material, is the keris form from two or more of the different iron compound. The different Iron compound composition was obtained from the different regions as well. Pamor of this material, which occurs called Pamor sanak.

Other Pamor material is stone or stones falling stars. Use of meteorit for Pamor not only done by the master on the island of Java, but also in other regions in Indonesia. Badik batu and mandau batu, for example, created by the Sulawesi and Kalimantan.

In the South, in addition to stone or stones falling stars, there are other materials Pamor that there are many areas in Luwu. Material from Pamor Luwu, then become a commodity trade between the islands, also known, and even be traded in Singapore, Peninsular Malaysia, and Thailand. They are known as Pamor Luwu or bassi pamoro.

From four different pamor materials, the stone meteor is the best, because it contains titanium material which has many advantages compared with other materials Pamor.

Pamor of the Keris and Tosan Aji

Pamor have two understanding. The first, a description refers to a specific form of line, curve, circle, stain, dot, or stripe that appears on the surface of the keris, spears, and other tosan charm. The second, as the material is Pamor.

Pamor image pattern form on the surface of the keris because of differences in color and feel the difference from the metal used as a raw material for the making of keris, spears, and other tosan charm. With hammering techniques, the metal ignites the raw material in the form of keris lamina, but not the pro or dissolved compound with one another. Because of the slice on the surface of the keris, the pamor image will be created.

Pamor image is made clear with the beautifully made and how to give warang to keris, spears, or tosan aji. Once exposed to solvents the warang, the keris is made of steel will show a black and greyish, that of a black iron, while that of Pamor will display white or silver.

Hammering technique in the making of weapons with Pamor is a unique skill of Indonesia, especially Java. Pamor even art may be spelled the discovery of Indonesian. No nation other than Indonesia, which note in the cultural history of art with Pamor tempa weapons, before the 10 th century.

Some forty years ago, several books written by the West, said that the Persia (now Iran) some centuries ago, also know Pamor with sharp weapons. When stored in the Tehran Museum is tikam weapons and swords decorated with gold Inlay technique. In Java, decorate similar technique called the serasah or sinarasah. That is almost similar to the technique is hammering kris sword of Damascus or Damascus steel (Iraq). The difference, Pamor arising on the surface of the sword in Damascus is not so pay attention-by the sword smith in there. They only made to the sharpness of his sword, not the beauty of his work, because the main goal of making a sword that is only to kill. Unlike the keris, which made not only to injure people, but more to inheritance, to increase the confidence, and pride for themselves, families, and groups.

Origin of the Pamor

No data is written that when the people of Indonesia (Java) to find Pamor weapons with hammering technique. However, if the views that some of the keris Jalak Buddha already Pamor display picture, can be estimated Pamor known at least since the Indonesian people to the centuries-7. Pamor they know it happened because they did not accidentally, when some mix of iron cut from a different area. Differences in the composition of metal in the compound of iron which they used as a raw material for the making of a keris that is the cause of different colors on the surface of the keris, so that the display image Pamor.

Keris and spear in the Jenggala era already engineering keris shown a very beautiful and imposing Pamor. Pamor is clearly not from inadvertence, but because the hammering and engineering techniques from the master. This is a cause, whether Jenggala in the world with the keris Jenggala in science history? Why public culture in the kingdom that was founded on the century-11 is already skilled engineering to create art Pamor?

Type of keris iron according to 'Serat Wesiaji'

There are seventeen of good iron to be used as material heritage. Seventeenth iron are:

Karangkijang, iron is a fiber such as sea water, this is the 'priest' of iron; black rather blue; if beaten slow voice sounds like bees to fly. Power metal is cool and powerful.

Pulasani, iron that looks like stone Asih, silvery green color / nyamberlilen; if beaten slowly sound: Gurr ... Power is sincere, bring food and degrees, both used as the hereditary material.

Mengangkang, the iron is plain, black slightly purple. This type of iron, there are two kinds: Mengangkang men if its beaten slow sound: Drungngng ... (long echo it). Power is excellent, adding that authority. Mengankang women beaten slowly if it sounds like the voice ambrengengeng bees fly. Its power, and be the person to bring sustenance.

Walulin, such as the ironof malela sand (visible crystals that shine in the show surface), the color is rather blue; if its beaten slow sound: Gung ... vibrant, clever appearance (dry impressive). Power is respected, the people, both to keep livestock.

Katub, is like a hair iron, black and slightly green color, shine; if beaten slowly sound: Kung, ambrengengeng such as bees fly. Immune to its power and good for traders.

Kamboja, the iron is a bit of white color, luster fiber; if its beaten slow sound: Ngong Tong-... nging long. This is the 'princess' of iron; the owner can not be adultery. Power is respected people.

Welangi, iron which said came from the sea; colored sulfur; if beaten slowly sounds: Nging ... ambrengengeng sound like bees to fly. Its power for safety and easy to find sustenance, but may not be the money.

Ambal, iron, which is reddish blue, which they say comes from the mountain rock. If beaten slowly, the sound ambrengengeng vibrate. If the material is used as a keris, ambal iron can be powerful and 'draw' other inheritance.

Tumpang, iron is given the title of 'the key of the iron'. Slightly blue purple; The noise if slowly beaten sound: Jrung ... its long reverberation. Power both to its strength and authority.

Winduadi, it seems that iron is derived from the throat Sang Hyang Mudikbathara. White and blue is like glass; The noise if slowly beaten sound:Dung... Power for his strength and fortitude, not submerged in water.

Werani, it seems that iron is derived from Mount Srandil; black quite like purple flowers pupil. The noise if slowly beaten sound: ambrengengeng sound like bees to fly. Power is very powerful, if the owners are in a strong, rank and rank will be increased; if not strong, even the poor.

Terate, iron is black like a mossy, perhaps derived from the stone Asih. If it hit slow like the sound of bees fly. Power is far from the scandal and easy in approach women.

Malela Ruyun, it seems that iron is derived from cendani stone, slightly blue-white, stringy like hair. The noise if slowly beaten sound: Preng ... vibrate. Its power to increase the firmness, courage and faith.

Balitung, the good, the iron is derived from the stone, black purple slightly soupy. The noise if slowly beaten sound: Ting ... long. Power is good for fishermen.

Kenur, is a black iron shine like crow-quill. The noise if slowly beaten sound: Srung ... ambrengengeng. Charged for both merchants and save money.

Malela Kendaga, also called Loya irons; if its beaten slow sound: Tung ... Power to increase its courage and fortitude to keep the faith.

Tumbuk, it seems that iron is derived from Ceylon, slightly yellow, white, sparkling like coral reefs. The noise if is slowly beaten sound: Gong ambrengengeng. Power both to save the property, and the jinn and devils fear Him.

Keris Iron

Iron is the most important element in making the keris, spears, swords, and other traditional weapons. Unlike the other nations, the Indonesian people to know without going through the metal iron, bronze era. That is found in many tools made of iron, but rarely made of bronze.

Iron sand found in many places on the island of Java to create a population It is a skilful smith. Arts hammering in Indonesia may not have high quality as we know now, if not available the raw materials that quite a lot.

Knowledge of the Javanese iron is not limited to fuller knowledge, but also distinguish the type of compound in a one-iron and other iron. Reviewed from the point of modern science, knowledge concerning the matter of the Javanese mineral iron is not quite scientific.

Science iron Javanese do not use the size and measurements of a science, but on sentiment and all body sense. Javanese period prior to distinguish different types of iron with the way, hear the sound when beaten slowly, with a finger, and with a feeling heart. Because of that traditional knowledge is difficult to iron learned and made notes difficult.


Raden Ngabehi Ronggowarsito, poet of Surakarta palace in the 19th century also try to make notes on the various types of iron materials tosan ruler, known by the experts in Surakarta keris. Although written a poet, a record that is still difficult to understand.

Empu

Empu of keris must be an artist of the art of hammering, sculpture, art form, and art omen. While he was an expert should be a lot of spiritual prayer, fast, meditate and even be imprisoned. He is also known as people who have the power or magic to an useful for many people.

In the past, the master of his work and is considered to be lucky always called palace and ordered the family serve the kingdom. He must make the order keris kingdom, and as a return, the king gives earl, tax-free land, and other gifts. Some of the empu even in a marriage with a woman relatives palace.

Because the master of his work both in general to serve the kingdom, the palace on the keris made generally better than the master craftsman of keris made public outside the palace. However, it does not mean that outside the kingdom ago does not have a good master/empu. Some of the master/empu in the area of Tuban, for example, is a master craftsman who produced many quality keris, although not their master's kingdom.

Workers as well as other arts, master of the golden era when the circumstances are prosperous country. Welfare of the community to create purchasing power increased so that people can give greater attention to the art objects, among others, the keris.

In work, a master craftsman is assisted by two to four of the so-called adjuvant panjak. the task, among others, set the air blast with a tool called , as the labor strike in the rough, hone, treat and provide equipment, and other early works.

Before work began, first offering master led the ceremony, a banquet and prayer survived, seven of the search for water sources or as a mixture of seven river water to soak the keris a simmer. And next, starting from the beginning until the job is complete, the master must always pray and say the incantation.

Name of the Empu and their era :

Pajajaran
1.Keleng
2.Kuwung
3.Loning
4.Angga
5.Pagelen
6.Sikir Tapan
7.Siyung Wanara (Ciung Wanara)
8.Anjani (lalu pindah ke Tuban)
9.Nyi Sombro (lalu pindah ke Tuban)

Tuban
1.Paneti atau Panekti
2.Suratman
3.Modin alias Bekeljati
4.Galahita atau Salahita
5.Supadriya
6.Sombro (pindahan Pajajaran)
7.Anjani (pindahan Pajajaran)
8.Jirak
9.Ni Sumbaga

Madura
1.Macan
2.Kasa
3.Kacang
4.Lujuguna I

Blambangan
1.Mendung
2.Tembarok
3.Supagati (pindahan Majapahit)
4.Pitrang (pindahan Majapahit)
5.Singkir (pindahan Majapahit/Tuban)
6.Surawisesa
7.Luwuk


Majapahit
1.Supagati (pernah ke Blambangan)
2.Supadriya
3.Jaka Supa
4.Jigja
5.Angga Cuwiri
6.Singkir (pernah ke Blambangan)
7.Pangeran Sedayu (Supagati)
8.Jebat
9.Ki Gede Gn. Tawang

Jenu
1.Jaka sura

Setrabanyu
1.Setra

Madiun
1.Ki Kodok (pindahan dari Pajang)

Pajang
1.Umyang
2.Ki Kodok (pindah ke Madiun)

Note :
a codex mention of Empu Umyang and Empu Kodok were the same person.

Mataram
1.Arya Japan
2.Ki Guling
3.Ki Nom
4.Ki Legi
5.Ki Umayi
6.Ki Gede
7.Ki Mayang
8.Ki Tundung
9.Ki Tepas
10.Ki Kalianjir

Kartasura
Lujuguna II (pindahan Madura)
Brajaguna I (pindahan Madura)


Surakarta
1.Brajaguna I
2.Brajaguna II
3.Tirtadangsa
4.Japan
5.Jayasukadgo
6.Singawijaya
7.Brajasetama
8.Wirasukadgo
9.Mangunmalelo
10.Resowijoyo
11.Carang Mustapa

Yogyakarta
1.Mangkudahana
2.Taruna Dahana
3.Supasetika
4.Karyodikromo
5.Supowinangun

Keris pamor

Naming Pamor
In general, such as picture naming Pamor, for example, Pari Sawuli Pamor (Rice Seuntai) is similar to the rice seuntai, so Sebungkul Bawang, Ron fern, and so forth.
But there also is not naming to compare the similarity with a particular object such as raja abala raja Pamor or Pandita Bala Pandita, especially the kind including an Pamor as Makrip, Tamsul, Dikiling shapes that resemble lambing but seems have a specific purpose.

There are two opinions about the naming Pamor:
First, if you want to make the master Ron Genduru but failed Ganggeng Kanyut happens and then the name must remain Genduru Ron but that failed and not Ganggeng Kanyut.
Second, the views from the shape happens, that is called Pamor Ganggeng Kanyut.
Where the second opinion is correct before the assessment is up to each of us.

features of a keris and its era

Jenggala
Short grass, Wadidang his portrait, there is no such back-cow, iron-dense and smooth jet, Pamor like white hair and fix without Pamor.

Pajajaran
Ganja Ambatok mengkurep, furry soft, the spot long, stringy and dry iron, discount slim blade, such as fat Pamor / gajih, blumbangan or pejetan wide, sweetener rather short and wide.
Majapahit
Discount blade rather small / slim, small ganja sebit rontal flexible, titled: Sirah spot and short taper, Odo Odo-sharp, heavy and black iron. Pamor ngrambut fibrous long. Pasikutan keris Wingit.

Tuban
Ganja shaped high, furry, blunt head spot, Pamor spreads, discount and convex blade width.

Bali
Large chip size and length greater than the size of the keris jawa, iron fulgent, Pamor large smooth and lustrous.

Madura Old
Pig iron and heavy, blunt sekar nuts and great Pamor / agal

Early Mataram (Senopaten)
Form of ganja to catch prey such as spot, full of swag Pamor ber, such as curve sekar peanut puppet, Pamor appear robust, and up puyuan arise / emerge (the end of the bribe)

Mataram Kartosura
Iron robust, if somewhat heavy on the buckle, strip more fat, the grass lizard head taper

Mataram Surakarta
Lath, such as cassava leaves, fine iron, Pamor spread, puyuan taper, gulu meled on the short grass, Odo-Odo and the other looks sweet and charming.

Mataram Yogyakarta
Ganja hang, smooth and heavy iron, Pamor full spread overlooks the strip.

Keris as a symbol of heritage

1. Keris must consist of two main parts, namely the blade keris (including pesi) and the
ganja. The strip and the meaning pesi phallus, while the ganja Yoni symbolizes the intention.
In the philosophy of Java, which can be the same as the Hindu philosophy, unity between the
phallus and Yoni typify akan expectations on fertility, immortality (sustainability), and
strength.

2. Keris blade should always make a certain angle to the pot. Not perpendicular. The position of
the keris blade is canted or inclined, this is an omen from the nature of the Javanese, and other
Indonesian ethnic group, that someone, of any rank and position, should always respect and
comply not only on the Creator, is also on each other. Science of rice, saying the word, the
more knowledge someone has, the more the person is subject.

3. Kris blade length that is prevalent among 33 - 38 cm. Some outside Java keris can reach 58
cm, made in the Philippines and even South keris, which reach a length of 64 cm. The cut is
kris and kris Buddha made Nyi Sombro Pajajaran, which is only about 16 - 18 cm only. But the
keris made very small and short, for example, only 12 cm, or even have a smaller size of the
pen, can not be classified as keris, but a kind of talisman shaped keris.

4. Keris is good and should be incused made from three kinds of metal, at least two, namely iron,
steel and materials Pamor. In the old keris, keris eg Buddhism, do not use steel.

Thus, the keris is made of brass, zinc, and other metal materials, can not be classified as keris. So "keris" is not made in a way be incused, but in the cast, or the cutting drum is made of asphalt are not used kris, the keris but only toys. Although there are still some other criteria to be able to say an object is a keris, the four conditions above it is the most important.

Phases of the age of making the keris

1. Ancient
(Budho) in 125 M - M 1125
kingdom include: Purwacarita, Medang Siwanda, Medang Kamulan, Tulis, Gilingwesi, Mamenang, roller Wiraradya, Kahuripan and Kediri.

2. Ancient Madyo
(Ancient Middle) in 1126 M - 1250 M.
Kingdom includes: Jenggala, Kediri, Pajajaran and Cirebon.

3. Old Central
(Old Middle) in 1251 M - 1459 M
Kingdom include: Jenggala, Kediri, Tuban, Madura, and Blambangan Majapahit.

4. Tengahan
(Middle) in 1460 M - 1613 M
Kingdom include : Demak, Pajang, Madiun, and Mataram

5. Nom
(Young) in 1614 M. Until now
Kingdom include: Kartasura, HB, PB and Surakarta.

We have a clear stages of the age of the Kingdom have direct contact with the phase time of the keris, so at each time of the kingdom, there is some master craftsman who works to create a keris.

Ethics in keris society

1. When holding the unsheathed keris, not to keep the tip of the blade keris is on someone.
Navigate to end up a bit askew.
2. do not release the keris from the order, without the permission of the owner's keris. Request
permission is to appreciate the keris owner.
3. if the release of the framework, all must be separated until all unsheathed keris. Do not hurry
back to enter it in order, before the keris is. Do not get the impression that the owner of the
keris is not valuable to own views.
4. People who deliver his keris from the order must be entered again. Do not other people.
5. Do not enter the keris in order to it, if you are not a previous issue of inheritance. Except,
when the owner of the keris is requesting that you enter.
6. Try not to give or receive a keris from the others in a way sideways, let alone the distance that
receive or provide the keris. Give or receive the keris should face.
7. Never give an assessment of the keris bad in front of the owner, unless he asks for an
assessment.
(Encyclopedia of keris page 53)

The knowledge of Tayuh Keris

Science Tayuh Keris is a kind of traditional knowledge that is used to determine whether suitable keris owned or used by someone, or not. Science is particularly useful to increase the sensitivity so that someone can catch him the impression the keris and adjust the effect of candidate characters from the owner. For example, to display the characters keris hard, fierce, is not well used by a man who is hard and rough. For such a person should select a keris in the cold character.

There are many ways for me-nayuh keris or spear. In Java and in some other areas, which was putting the spear or the keris is under pillows, or directly under the cervix, before sleeping. To be safe, or keris first spear was tied with cloth with its order. In this way the owners or the person who is me-nayuh hope to meet with the 'content' keris in dreams. However, it is not always successful. Sometimes dreams do not appear to be expected, or if the dream, be sure to wake up after the dream content.

If not successful the first night will be repeated on the next night, and so on until the dream came, which is expected. Keris or spear that is considered suitable or partner, at the time when people dreamed of tayuh meet with a baby, children, girls, or women's, youth or parents, who want to participate, to be appointed the child, or want to become a wife.

Can be, which is found in a dream, including the terrifying creatures. Dream such as signaling from the 'content' keris that is suitable or not suitable for owned.

In the community, also known a so-called keris tayuhan, the keris is making it more important than a matter of luck garap beauty, the selection of iron, and its pamor. Keris usually have such an impression wingit, haunted, exude prestige, and sometimes frightening.

Although the terms of the beauty not just in the first, but kris is still beautiful because the author is a master craftsman. While a master craftsman, the people who have a high sensitivity beauty. Should note, heirloom keris owned palace, in the Yogyakarta and Surakarta in, in general, is the type of keris tayuhan. Dhapur keris tayuhan, usually also simple, usually also simple, for example, Tilam Upih, Jalak dinding, and Mahesa Lajer.

Not the type of dhapur keris Nagasasra such a luxury, salira Naga, Naga Kikik, or Singa Barong. In addition, the keris tayuhan generally have Pamor Tiban. Not Pamor rekan. Among the lovers of the keris, keris tayuhan not the type that easily in the show on other people, with a goal to be on display. Keris tayuhan usually stored in the private room and only brought out if the rooms will be cleaned or diwarangi.

Keris anatomy

Keris as a tangible and intangible weapon

Although by some researchers and writers Western nations classified as keris tikam type of weapon, the keris was not created solely to kill. Keris more as a weapon in the symbolic, spiritual weapon in the sense. For 'heavy mascara,' says the Javanese. Because of the keris by some people also have considered miracle.

For those who believe, keris can add a certain courage and the confidence someone, in this case the owner of the keris. Keris also can avoid the attack of disease outbreaks and pest plants. Keris can also remove and prevent interference being smooth. Keris also be able to help the owner find the strength of their owners easier, so that objects can be considered to provide safety for the owners and the surrounding areas.

There is a keris that really used to kill people, such as the keris at the time of the first palace used by the murderer in order to implement the death penalty. Similarly, the keris is made for the junior soldiers. However keris usefulness as a tool this murderer is also seremonial and special, for example Kanjeng Kyai Balabar Prince Puger property. In the 18 century to the keris-shaped Pasopati was used by Sunan Amangkurat Amral to execute Trunojoyo in square Kartasura.

Keris are art objects that include hammering art, sculpture, sculpture, art form, and art omen. Always accompanied the making of his prayers, the various incantation, and ritual and special offerings. Prayer is the first of a master craftsman when it will begin to forge the keris is appealed to the Almighty, so that the keris is made will not harm the owner and other people. Prayers are followed by a form of asceticism and behavior, among others, not sleeping, not eating, not the type of opponent in a certain time.

Keris in Java community

In the community of Central Java, in general, for a in the particular, for example, the marriage ceremony, the people must be put on clothing prianya Jawi jangkep (Java fully dressed). And obligations that must be obeyed, especially by men, bridegroom, the need to use / wear clothing styles of Javanese batik berkain namely, the clothing, headgear (kuluk) and also a keris in place at the waist. Why should the keris? Because of the keris by the community is represented in Java as a symbol of "manliness." And because sometimes when a man because his bride can not attend the ceremony in the meeting, he represented the keris. Keris is a symbol of heritage.

Keris maintenance

Surely all those who recognize cultural Keris jawa especially, know how the administration treated the right way so that the keris as inheritance will remain durable and well maintained.

But there were also only know the techniques and treatment procedure keris is only part by part so that the care and preservation of culture to be mutually incompatible. Keris treat the right as that is done by the palace, both from Yogyakarta and Surakarta.

Keris care:

1. Keris cleaned once a year each, this is just as a party palace, can be done in the month of, or Maulud Sura, or the days that you like, this depends on the trust each of us. Cleaning is good overall eksoteri and isoteri. Cleaning is intended to be for one year storage at keris if we may have to stick to the rust should be cleaned and removed in order not to damage the keris. this process can be seen from mutih then mewarangi and oiling, but if it does not erode the keris is rinsed with water and dried ago back in the oil.

2. Keris cleaned once each week with a keris blade smear with oil free of alkhohol. this case is that of rust on the iron attached keris missing. Type of oil you can use a mixture of oil of sandalwood, jasmine and kenanga or appropriate taste of each.

3. Save the keris is true in the home should also consider a few things, such as high storage, humid place where not suitable and not storage. Why should high storage? this case is that our children do not easily reach them, however, the keris is a dangerous sharp objects.

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The making of keris

A master craftsman is an expert in the field of art, its basis in the creation can not be separated in the languages or symbols from nature and the behavior at the time of order. When examined more in the works of a master craftsman, especially kris, the keris is a simplification of the language explains the language in such a complexity of life at that time concerning the behavior, religion, political ideals, technology, etc.. The keris like Poetry, one of the words have meaning as well as millions of rerincikan / section on the keris has a meaning in that.

Keris in the creation of a master craftsman does not merely stress the process garap but it also deepens the knowledge that support its expertise. When a master process only deepens garap course, then his work will be raw and tasteless, but similarly without garap productive in the process, his work became rigid and achievements away from the characters of interest.

As has been disclosed in advance that the master is also a deep knowledge of others, especially the teachings of religion and literature, teaching to finalize this so that the depth of soul in the tranquility of achievement can learn the creative process well.

A master craftsman, a man who is able to summarize the meaning, purpose and goals of the keris, so generated really appropriate and beneficial to its customers / general public. The master in making his sacred works, do a "Tapa behavior" complex, the master will collide "sang guru bakal" (metal from the earth) and "an guru dadi" (something from the sky) and dissolved in a powerful keris. In the process of a master craftsman copyrighted works continue to pray and read many sacred mantra so that the resulting works really good and perfect. This draft shows the majesty in the creation of the keris can not be released from the spiritual level of understanding religious of God.

The steps the process of the keris as follows:

- Creation and preparation of offering the behavior of the master or the buyer (when making the determination, and dhapur Pamor kris)

- Forging, the incorporation of some metal to make a pattern to form the basis Pamor blade (potential)

- The detail rerincikan blade so in accordance with the desired dhapur kris.

- Offering closure, the expression of gratitude because the keris has been finished and made in accordance with the expected

Empu/Master Keris

Especially in the rarely bred in the keris known as master/mpu, in the placenta, known by the name or Pande pandie dynasty, in the Sunda, known by the term Teacher Teupa. David van Duuren The Kris in his book "is the master of those who are considered sacred and has a high position dimasyarakat". Mas Ngabehi Wirasoekadga in writing the book Mysteries Keris is a master creature / man who has a high degree.

Pandie academic / master early beginning Brahma comes from the sect, the sect is very important ranks among the other sects, sect, followers title pandie Brahmin, at the time of the dynasty known as the Brahmin pandie. More details on the more religious after it fell into the hands of the Hindu religion of Islam, the term Brahmin does not appear again, but there is still a wangsanya now commonly called pandie iron, pandie mas, etc.

In Bali dynasty pandie bound by moral obligation and the inscription, inscription wisama spiritual ancestor of the very closely related between families with each other with the term dynasty, inscription which bind them the most famous inscription is called "Reader Tawang Bang", they have the agreement of the master craftsman Baradah as a teacher. In Bali kepandean science careless people can not learn just because they are the descendants of the dynasty Pande can learn, while outside the placenta is the only profession pandie and anyone can learn and they are not tied to one family in particular.

Master/Mpu is a truly specialist field and have some expertise that support the creative process in the creation of his works, while some special expertise that is owned by a master craftsman to refer to the creative process are:

1. Experts in the field of religion and Spiritual

At the time of a master craftsman is a person that is considered sacred and the correct understanding of life and will be able to understand something magical, a master craftsman to lead a normal religious rites or ceremonies other offerings. Master is a role model for surrounding communities.

2. Experts in the field of weapons it

There is a good expression of the weapons is that weapons made by the great Pendekar (weapons expert knowledge), So most of the master craftsman is an expert "kanuragan trick" plays in the weapons / pesilat / Pendekar is advanced. Chronicle in Bali are the meek Gajah Mada want to beat Bali, mahapatih Gajah Mada embrace the master / Pande and placed in the front line, the governor is confident akan courage and grandeur of the master craftsman of weapons it keris / Pande.

3. Experts in the field of psychological

A master has the ability to understand the psychological character of its customers so that the keris is completely in line with the temperament, character and behavior of users, told in the history and stories of the people that the noble order of a keris to comply with the master himself. Keris is a paper that is able to act as "Object or Subject" of users, the Keris can treat as the desire of the owner to be used as weapons, completeness, clothing, objects, etc. show the keris but also affect the nature and character as the owner of the confidence the power of or language and symbols of his keris.

4. Experts Anatomy

Expertise in the manner of weapons by itself a master expert in human anatomy. Expertise in order to support this as the paper produced is completely in accordance with the "dedeg Piadek" or the size of the users, so that the keris can be a role in accordance with the users. Please note again that all things related to the size of each part using the keris as the size of the body: "What, span, cengkang dl" l.

5. Experts in the field of political

During the Majapahit by Gajah Mada, the master gave a specific position in the government. A master craftsman much involved in politics and involved in strategy and war statesman. Special award from the king was given to many of the powerful master craftsman of keris, they are given a high position, complete with names and earl. As meritorious as master Supo restore Keris Sangkelat that has been missing from the palace and the son and so was given the title of a prince with a gift of land or land perdikan tax-free.

6. Experts in the field of Literature

Usually a master of literature and learn they were literate, most of them stranded on good terms with the palace so that they extend the literature for their interaction, as they assume that academic literature is one to add a depth of knowledge and mind. In the teachings of "Aji Panca Bayu" in a review by the pandie in Bali, is the teaching of Panca Brahma Sara Pancak the roots of Dasak Aji Sara Pamurtining Aksara Anacaraka origin muasal Aji Saka, explains: Aji Ngaran Literature, ngaran Saka ngaran main pillar of the general understanding of the source of Kesusastraan academic literature, there are teachings in the expression;

” Sastra ngaran tastas ngaran terang

Astra ngaran api ngaran sinar”

Which contains the general understanding, with the fire, people will recognize the light, the people who do not know the literature with the same letter means that the blind live in the dark.

7. Experts in the field of Artistic

Form the basis of the keris blade consists of a straight blade, blade and blade luk luk and a mixture of straight. The number of names from the kitchen blade keris numerous, large Ronggowarsito poet mentions no less than 560 forms / dhapur keris. Rafles in his book "History of Java" (1817) described 41 major dhapur keris in the 19th century. Book from PB IX about dhapur keris (Saka 1792) mentions 218 names dhapur keris. When we compare with the traditional weapons in the world such as spears, swords, arrows, knives etc., the keris is a weapon that most traditional forms in addition to multiformity also the most complex of every part of it (the keris blade rerincikan the more than 30 parts , Katana sword from Japan about 15 sections, from Toledo sword Spain section 10, from Nepal Kukri part 9)

History of Keris

Keris discuss any aspect with the means to discuss the complexity of the depth of culture, especially those bred Nusantara, the expression "Curigo manjing warongko jumbuhing kawulo lan gusti" is an expression of such behavior and in understanding of human life Nusantara / Java on time. Stamfort Sir Thomas Raffles in his book The Hisstory of Java Haryono Haryoguritno cited in the book Keris Between Myth and Nalar write that "A man who does not hold jawa keris like naked ......". Koesni grip in his book Knowledge About Keris write "Although not the keris sacred objects, but not less sacred in a person."

Keris does not like the other traditional weapons, which are somewhat regional, it can be said there is a keris and used in almost all corners of the country. Mubirman in his book Weapons Keris Pusaka write, "the keris is a weapon cultural unity of Indonesia, and it can be said as a heroic symbol of Indonesia." (1980). Mas Keris Djomul in his book Culture Nusantara write "the master craftsman of kris days of old have had a large stock menonjolnya culture in Indonesia, as well as a foundation to help identity Culture archipelago. Other reality shows that the keris has been able to influence human life outside of its main function as a weapon.

Keris is the work of the multi-material and multi skill / expertise, the keris is a merging of art hammering on metal lath, packaging art / jewelry on mendak, selut and its pendok, and wood sculpture at the upstream and warangkanya. Some elements are generated by well-skilled hands and work are combined into a beautiful, high quality of the values simbolnya. Haryono Haryo Guritno in the book Keris Jawa Between Myth And Nalar, write a paper so that the full technical and aesthetic, must be given the keris blade sheath and hilt or handle. Bred for the public, and Warongko Furniture kris the other almost as important as the keris blade itself.

Keris, kris word came from, or riris, or the edge of a small sharp-pointed and sharp. Even if it can not be sure when the first developed in the archipelago, Keris has been estimated to have since the development of the art metal developed. Some artefacts in the history of the keris and notes have been developed and during the early-early mid-century, in the inscription rukam saka 825 numbered years (907 M), has known the term "kris", in the inscription and the inscription poh coral written between the middle of another word Kres is suspected of keris. This shows that people have known the keris jawa since the 9th century.

Some other inscription which gives the existence of the keris, among others: In the inscription on the Kedu create approximately 750 years old M family dynasty king be commanded to make kris. Rarajunggrang on the statue in the temple Prambanan (910 M years), one hand holding his arms katga meaning sharp keris weapon. In one of the temple wall relief Sukuh the year 1456 numbered in the image was in the atmosphere besalen forging keris making.

Keris at the beginning is one of the completeness of the ritual ceremony (executor executor-prakara), where the keris to be part of the Goddess in ritual Sima namely fertility goddess. At that time the keris is a conceptual illustration phallus and Yoni. Along with the development of culture in the archipelago, the existence and role continue to have the keris, which the early beginning of the ritual ceremony completeness keris penetrated the functions of a more complex, the keris to be part of a noble and majestic in the right. Keris be a means of social status, the keris is also a role in the politics of the kingdom of that time, the keris as a sacred object in a magnificent, as religious facilities, weapons of war, a number years, and valuable objects, etc.

History of Keris Jawa

Keris Jawa, Javanese traditional weapons as typify high aesthetics, which has the meaning seremonial superior metallurgy and technology, in addition to the antiques that are very valuable. Keris is a masterpiece of the cultural heritage of Indonesia is valued and able to hit people of the world.As a work of art in existence with a sharp weapon of typical one in the world, there is a keris in almost all areas archipelago.

Keris is something very close, especially with Javanese culture. In "Legend Java" said that to become a man of sterling, then someone must have five things, namely: a keris inheritance; a horse, pet birds, a woman and a house.

Keris Jawa in culture is seen and treated as a "symbol" and "status" for the owner, not as a "killer tool" (Martial Weapon). Almost every family aristokrat it, be they have a Keris Pusaka Family, who have flooded the special-potency. Have a Keris Pusaka, require someone to meet the various rituals, one of them is a ritual bathing the keris, which are generally made each year and it depends on all the owners, how they do it.

Keris problem complexity is also not easily result in ownership of the keris issue for someone, that do not have easy personal goods other. To have a keris that has cultural significance, require someone to do some rituals, to make sure that the keris is "be" with the owner and how the next maintenance is expected by the in-Keris.

Stories from the Babad Tanah Jawa said that after the adult Ciung Wanara submitted by Ki Buyut to serve on the blacksmith's palace, I know after working blacksmith and make a lot of weapons keris, swords, kudi, cleaver. Then Ciung Wanara dangle make the bed with a trellis made of iron, called Central Sawo. After that Ciung Wanara serve the king Pajajaran Arya Bangah. Because many meritorious Ciung wanara was the name Most Wide. Indeed, the iron bed berterali can avenge the king Pajajaran Arya Bangah. which then float in a river to Karawang. Ciung Wanara become king of the Pajajaran, titled Harya Many Wide. Then the fight with a Arya angah brother Jaka Sesuruh. Jaka Sesuruh losers fled from Pajajaran to East Java.

In the kingdom of East Java Kediri until the period of the history of the keris Singhasari appear dim, but note that due to the belief that new Tantrayana, the keris during the growing reach of the. Keris was the short form of fat tends to have a width such as Buddha or the keris Katga changed at this time although slim uga masihtampak dempakdan sangkuk. For example kerises Jenggala and Singhasari, in relief in the temple Panataran, keris is more slender shape.

In the book Pararaton obtained information about the extraordinary keris. Tumapel crisis with the leaders Ken Angrok a mob of children Endog Ken trusted bead god Brahma, the great history. Scripture Pararaton give a lot of information about the keris. Because Ken Angrok fall in love with Ken musk, women who are forced to become his wife Akuwu Tunggul Ametung. To kill the stump Ametung Ken Angrok keris sakti order to master Gandring, Keris Gandring master and start eating the victim, is the first master Gandring, then Tunggul Ametung, Keboijo, Ken Anggrok own, Anusapati Panji, Panji Tohjaya, and Ranggawuni, keris master Gandring So, eat the seven victims have been among Angrok own Ken and to his posterity. But Ken has successfully Angrok subduct Singhasari Kingdom, the sequel to the derivative and then forward it will become kings afterwards. Because of the book which is called the book Ceritera Pararaton. In this event the keris is a weapon awl and a role in determining the history. Fiber pararaton that scandalize found this written on keropak or Ron Tal in kawi. Ceritera this research into a Dutch scholar named Brandes, and been translated in the Dutch.

Keris so many roles in the history of this nation. This in fact only a few to bring all-round role in the history of the keris. large part of the history of the Indonesian people for the knowledge it needed an extended period of time, effort and cost. Of course, experts and lovers of the keris is fully understand abaout the problem. Moreover the present time, the keris is deemed to be property of the world.